The mature multicellular organism in extremely well-ordered system, every part of that (cell) may be classified on type in compliance with the performed function and defined morphology. In spite of the fact that all cells (excluding germ cells) in the organism contain identical genetic information, defined group of genes may be blocked in them that define difference in various cell types functioning. Great number of research have demonstrated that, as a rule, mature cells are not be able to change their specialization, and a lot of cell types even can not divide.

Nevertheless replenishment of defined types cells (arising as a result of injury, organism growth, or natural renewal) is always required in any organism during vital functions, and mechanism of mature cells formation should exist. Practically in all higher organisms such mechanisms are realized by consistent conversion (differentiation) of special cell type, being able to divide at no allowance and to transform in other cells. Such non varied cells, giving the origin to other types, are named steam and presents in all organisms.

Before taking their stand in the organisms and starting realized the function, every cell has to pass through a lot of stages, which gradually convert universal cell to the cell-specialist with defined function and morphology. Differentiation is extremely complex process; every stage of it is controlled by organism in order to get as a result the set of correctly formed cells being necessary at the moment. All these processes control is realized by transmission of defined internal and external signals to the steam cells on the every stage of differentiation. Understanding the fact, which signals are being transmitted and how steam cells response them, allow not only investigating steam cells conversion pathway, but also practically completely describing regulation and functioning of this complex system.

Great interest to the steam cells is explained by their assumed therapeutic effect, because they originate any other human cells. At present time there are huge number of scientific publications, dedicated to the subjects of steam cells, nevertheless, the information have uncoordinated character and is available only for specialists. The task of our project is to collect the information about functioning and differentiation of steam cells based on the scientific publication analysis. Interactive diagrams based on the work with literature and containing in condensed form the most urgent data are being created.

The results of our work have been assumed as a basis of e-book “Encyclopedia of Stem Cells” and steam cells databases.